PMC legacy view Do not allow spray mist to drift onto desirable vegetation. Rao A.N., Johnson D.E., Sivaprasad B., Ladha J.K., Mortimer A.M. Weed management in direct-seeded rice. Tabbal D.F., Bouman B.A.M., Bhuiyan S.I., Sibayan E.B., Sattar M.A. Moody K. The status of weed control in Asia. Analysis of variance P values for the crop injury and yield reduction for experiment 2 (20102011). Oxadiargyl was mixed with sand (8kgha1) and broadcast in standing water (23cm) after irrigation on the day of seeding (general farmer practice). Abbreviation: fb, followed by; DAS, d after sowing. Similarly, all PRE herbicide treatments resulted in similar control of broadleaved weeds and sedges. Rice is predominantly grown by transplanting seedlings into puddled (conventional wet-tillage) soil and kept flooded for most part of the growing season. Details of variable cost price for farm operations, Karnal, Haryana, India (2010).a. Irrigations were applied at 34 days interval at tillering stage and during panicle emergence. Among herbicide treatments, butachlor PRE or oxadiargyl (sandmix) PRE fb bispyribac-sodium and oxadiargyl POST, had lower 1000- grain weight compared to other herbicide treatments. 24th Asian-Pacific Weed Science Society Conference October 22-25, 2013, Bandung, Indonesia. Productivity and resource use of direct (drum)-seeded and transplanted rice in puddled soils in rice-rice and rice-wheat ecosystem. Azimsulfuron POST was more effective on broadleaved weeds compared to bispyribac-sodium POST. 0000007359 00000 n 0000005163 00000 n Fungicide-treated (carbendazim@ 0.5g ai kg1 rice seed) seeds of CSR 30 cultivar (superfine, scented; basmati cultivar) were planted in the second week of June, 2010, at both the locations. Therefore, farmers need to make a balance between desired broadleaved weeds control and corresponding yield reductions if using sensitive and scented cultivars. At each location, a burndown application of glyphosate (1.0kg ai ha1) was made on the experimental area in mid-May 2010 and was followed by a light tillage with one pass of disc harrow and one pass of spring loaded tyne cultivator followed by planking before seeding. In DSR, weeds emerge simultaneously with crop seedlings and grow more quickly in moist soil than in PTR (Khaliq and Matloob, 2011), resulting in severe competition for resources to the crop. Tolerance of two scented rice cultivars ('CSR 30 and 'Pusa 1121) to azimsulfuron was evaluated using three herbicide rates (15, 25, and 35kg ai ha1) applied at 25 DAS. Received 2015 Feb 21; Revised 2015 Dec 26; Accepted 2015 Dec 28. Dry direct-seeded rice (DSR) has shown promise under several ecologies and production systems to overcome these challenges, and is considered as potential alternative to PTR. Inclusion of azimsulfuron in tankmix with bispyribac-sodium was more efficient at site with higher broadleaved weeds, however, this tankmix application increased total cost also. Injury ratings were recorded on a scale of 0100, where 0 means no injury and 100 means complete death. List of weed species at experimental locations, Haryana, India. ButaForce is a selective systemic pre-emergence herbicide. Rice-wheat is the major cropping system of the region and popularly known for basmati/scented rice cultivation. The use of one hand weeding in DSR at 35-60 DAS along with sequential herbicides has also been suggested by many studies (Ahmed and Chauhan, 2014, Chauhan and Abugho, 2013, Ganie etal., 2014). However, it is important to use a broad-spectrum herbicide program including PRE and POST herbicides for season-long effective weed control and to avoid shifts toward problematic weed species (Chauhan, 2012, Singh etal., 2008) or evolution of herbicide-resistant weed biotypes. Giri G.S. The density of sedges following PRE herbicides were in range of 23 plants m2 compared to 7 plants m2 in the weedy check. Weed density data were subjected to square-root (x+1) transformation before analysis. In: F.W.G., Terry P.J., editors. An official website of the United States government. Call: (+234) 916 000 6001 McCauley G.N., O'Barr J.H., Chandler J.M. Chauhan B.S., Ahmed S., Awan T.H., Jabran K., Sudheesh M. Integrated weed management approach to improve weed control efficiencies for sustainable rice production in dry-seeded systems. of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville 72701, AR, USA, bInternational Maize and Wheat Improvement Center, NASC complex, New Delhi 110012, India, cDept. Sequential application of herbicides proved superior to sole application of herbicides either PRE or POST at both the sites. official website and that any information you provide is encrypted startxref The cost of sequential application of herbicides in DSR ranged from approximately US$60 with single PRE and POST to US$90ha1 for PRE and tankmix POST applications compared to US$175 US$190ha1 ($1 = Rs 45.68) in hand weeding in weed-free plots. The sequential oxadiargyl was applied at the two-to three-leaf stage of rice (15 DAS). Economically, the sequential application of pendimethalin PRE fb bispyribac-sodium+azimsulfuron POST was superior over non-treated weed-free treatment in terms of B:C ratio (Table7, Table8). Tuong T.P., Bouman B.A.M., Mortimer M. More rice, less water-Integrated approaches for increasing water productivity in irrigated rice-based systems in Asia. The area of each plot was 24m2 (64m). In: Hobbs P.R., Bhandari Raj, editors. Cost of such field operation was calculated by using time required by such operation, diesel consumed per unit time and market price of diesel. 0000009383 00000 n Annual Meeting of Agronomy Society of America, November 15, 2009, Pittsburgh. Following the POST treatments, grass weed density was reduced significantly under all the sequential treatments compared to single application of oxadiargyl PRE and weedy check. and transmitted securely. hToHSQK6e|(4(Y"}*Ih7Pi"~j6P*Ff6&YBBK\ At harvesting, five rice plant clusters were randomly selected from each treatment to collect data for plant height (cm), panicle length (cm), and number of grains per panicle. Weed management in aerobic rice in north western Indo-Gangetic Plains. of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, NE 68583, USA, dQueensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), The University of Queensland, Toowoomba 4350, Australia. The inclusion of azimsulfuron with bispyribac-sodium for POST application widens the spectrum of weed control because azimsulfuron effectively controls sedges and broadleaved weeds (Singh etal., 2010, Walia etal., 2008). Herbicides included in the study were butachlor (Butaveer, Chambal Fertilizers & Chemicals Ltd.), oxadiargyl (Topstar, Bayer Crop Science), pendimethalin (Stomp, BASF India Ltd.), bispyribac-sodium (Nominee gold, PI Industries), and azimsulfuron (Segment, Dupont India Ltd.). The interaction effect of locations with herbicides was significant and locations varied in weed type and weed pressure, therefore, data were analysed for each site separately, with randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Crop was harvested manually in second week of November 2010 and 2011 from two random spots (11m and 33m) area per treatment for accuracy and averaged, and yield was recorded at 13% moisture. Datta De. The puddled soil ensures good crop establishment, weed control with standing water, and reduces deep-percolation losses (Sharma etal., 2003). Products shipped in good condition are not liable for returns or refunds. Container and/or fields must be weed-free before applying preemergence herbicides. Light irrigation was provided immediately after seeding. 3080 27 The reduction in density of grasses, broadleaved weeds, and sedges was similar in all the treatments with sequential POST applications of the herbicides and significantly lower densities were observed compared with single PRE application of oxadiargyl and weedy check treatment. Maximum 1000-grain weight was observed in the weed-free treatment and with herbicide treatments compared to non-treated control. FOIA Performance of rice ('CSR 30) in response to herbicide treatments, CSISA research platform, Madhuban, Karnal, India (2010). <<89E379AE01E4F64EB8FB1DA0588C4A4D>]/Prev 1365408/XRefStm 1721>> Compared to non-treated weed free treatment, azimsulfuron applied at 35g ai ha1 reduced yield in both cultivars but yield reduction in CSR 30 was two-folds (11.2%) than that in Pusa 1121 (5.2%). Rashid M.H., Alam M.M., Khan M.A.H., Ladha J.K. FAO-Food and Agriculture Organization . Khaliq A., Matloob A. Weed crop competition period in three fine rice cultivars under direct seeded rice culture. Both sites were low in organic matter (0.340.37%) with alkaline reaction (pH range of 8.08.1). The barrier is typically to 1 inch thick (depending on the product, soil type, and method of incorporation). Other benefits of DSR include faster and easier planting, improved soil health, higher tolerance to water deficit, less methane emission, and often higher profit in areas with an assured water supply (Datta, 1986, Kumar and Ladha, 2011, Pathak etal., 2009). However, azimsulfuron causes significant injury at higher rates (25g ai ha1) to scented cultivars (scented basmati rice) as evident from current study. 0000014749 00000 n Post emergence chemical weed control in direct seeded fine rice. Weed biomass and weed density was determined at 20 and 45 DAS from a randomly selected 1m2 quadrat in each plot. Plots were kept weed-free throughout the season using hand weeding. Azimsulfuron effectively controls wide variety of weeds, including broadleaved and sedges like Cyperus rotundus and Dactyloctenium spp. Two sequential foliar sprays of 1% FeSO4 were applied at 40 and 47 DAS, though only the Madhuban location showed iron deficiency at this stage. The density of broadleaf weeds was reduced by 6688% with PRE herbicide treatments compared to weedy check. Return over variable cost with manual weeding is one of the major concerns of farmers in process to adopt DSR in South Asia. Mahajan etal. Weed samples were oven dried before weighing at 70C till the constant weight was achieved. Direct-Seeding of Rice and Weed Management in the Irrigated Rice Wheat Cropping System of the Indo-Gangetic Plains. Growth response of direct seeded rice to oxadiazon and bispyribac-sodium in aerobic and saturated soils. Data were subjected to analysis of variance using JMP Pro v.11 software (SAS, 2013) where herbicide treatments and sites were fixed and blocks at each site were random effect (Table4). N and ZnSO4 were broadcasted uniformly and P2O5 was applied using a multi-crop seed-cum-fertilizer planter while planting. Analysis of variance P values for the crop injury and yield reduction for experiment 1. CSR 30 showed significant yield reduction (3.8%) as herbicide rate increased from 15 to 25g ai ha1, whereas no yield difference was observed between these rates in case of Pusa 1121. Careers. However, weed management is the major challenge in DSR (Rao etal., 2007, Singh etal., 2007). Performance of rice ('CSR 30) in response to herbicide treatments, CSISA research platform, Taraori, Karnal, India (2010). Khaliq A., Matloob A., Ahmad N., Rasul F., Awan I.U. At Madhuban location, highest grain yield of 3.43tha1 was recorded with the sequential application of pendimethalin PRE fb bispyribac-sodium+azimsulfuron POST and it was comparable with the grain yield 3.5tha1 obtained in weed-free plots (Table7). Net returns for each treatment were calculated over variable cost of production (Table3). However, the single application of bispyribac-sodium POST resulted in higher grain yield compared to oxadiargyl PRE at both the locations. Mahajan G., Chauhan B.S. The site is secure. 0000008258 00000 n Butaforceis a chloroacetanilide class herbicide known for its pre-emergent activity on weeds/soil. HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help The soil type at both Taraori and Madhuban village was sandy clay loam in texture. In dry seeded rice, the herbicide treatments were effective in reducing weed density and biomass by more than 75% on an average. 0000023430 00000 n Higher rice grain yield and economic returns with POST application of bispyribac-sodium was reported earlier by Khaliq etal.